Hirarc ingat tak?

HIRARC                                         

We need to know about OSH because:
It is a requirement under the law (OSHA and its Regulations);
We need to make provisions for securing the safety, health and welfare of our colleagues;
We need to make provisions for protecting our clients against risks to safety or health in connection with our trade and activities.

In order for us to achieve the objectives of OSH we need to look into HIRARC which is the basis of occupational safety and health. HIRARC is a compound word which is made up of three consecutive activities running one after the other. The activities consist of Hazard Identification  Risk Assessment and Risk Control. Hazard identification is the recognising of things which may cause injury or harm to a person. Risk assessment is the looking at the possibility of injury or harm occurring to a person if exposed to a hazard. The introduction of measures which will eliminate or reduce the risk of a person being exposed to a hazard is known as Risk control.

We need to know about HIRARC because:
it is the core business of all OSH personnel, safety committee members, supervisors...etc.
 

it is a DIRECTIVE from the Chief Secretary of the government service to all government departments and agencies through its letter of directive: UPTM 159/267/50 Klt.4 dated 20th of August 2004.

Before the process of identifying any hazards begin, it is n

ecessary to know how to classify what is hazard, risk and danger.
Hazard - anything that can cause harm.
Risk - a probability of harm actually being done.
Danger - the relative exposure to a hazard.

Hazards can be sub-classified into health or safety hazards.

Examples of health hazards are:
Physical (noise, heat, radiation, vibration, pressure, machinery, electricity ... etc.);
Chemical (gases, vapours, acids, alkali, poisons, aerosols, irritants ... etc.);
Biological (pathogens, fungi, other micro organisms ... etc.);
Psychosocial (stress, social problems, accidents at workplace/home, fear of failure, retrenchment ... etc.);
Ergonomic (workplace design, layout of workstation, excessive manual handling, design of tools ... etc.)

Workplace

Examples of Safety hazards are:
Mechanical (cuts, entanglement ... etc);
Heights (falling objects ... etc);
Electrical (shock, burns ... etc);
Fire/Explosion (burns, injury, death ... etc);
Confined space (poisoning ... etc)

Hazards can be identified through the means:
Risk analysis
Workplace inspection
Safety audits
Job safety analysis
Feedback from workers
Observations
Advice from specialists
Accident records
MSDS/CSDS ... etc.

Risk assessment can be achieved by:
Gathering information about each hazard identified
Using of the information to assess the likelihood and consequence of each hazard
Producing a qualitative or quantitative risk table

Hierarchy of risk control:
Elimination
Substitution
Isolation
Engineering control
Administrative control
Personal protective equipment



Do you know that it is the duty of our employer under the Occupational Safety and Health Act 0f 1994 to:

a) Ensure our safety, health and welfare at our workplace by:
the provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work that are safe and without risks to health;
making of arrangements for ensuring safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use or operation, handling, storage and transport of plant and substances;
the provision of such information, instruction, training and supervision as is necessary to ensure the safety and health at work;
maintaining the workplace in a condition that is safe and without risks to health and the provision and maintenance of the means of access to and egress from it that are safe and without such risks;
the provision and maintenance of a working environment which is safe, without risks to health and adequate as regards to facilities for our welfare at work.

b) Formulate safety and health policy:
as often as may be appropriate revise a written statement of his general policy with respect to the safety and health at work;
arrangements for the time being in force for carrying out the policy;
to bring the statement and any revision of it to the notice of all of his employees.

c) Employ a competent person to act as a Safety and Health Officer at the place of work exclusively for the purpose of ensuring the due observance at the place of work of the provisions of the OSHA and its regulations and the promotion of a safe conduct of work at the place of work.

d) Establish a Safety and Health Committee at the place of work if there are 40 or more persons employed at the place of work.

e) Consult the Safety and Health Committee with a view to the making and maintenance of arrangements which will enable him and his employees to co-operate effectively in promoting and developing measures to ensure the safety and health at the place of work of the employees and in checking the effectiveness of such measures.

f) Notify the nearest Occupational Safety and Health Office of any accident, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning or occupational disease which has occurred or is likely to occur at the place of work.

Nevertheless, it is our duty as employees to:

a) Take reasonable care for the safety and health of ourself and of other persons who may be affected by our acts or omissions at work;

b) Co-operate with our employer or any other person in the discharge of any duty or requirement imposed on our employer or that other person by OSHA;

c) Wear or use at all times any protective equipment or clothing provided by our employer for the purpose of preventing risks to our safety and health;

d) Comply with any instruction or measure on occupational safety and health instituted by our employer or any other person by or under OSHA or any regulations made thereunder.

How to create a safe workplace
Anticipate the hazard
Identify the hazard
Assess the risk
Implementing control measures
Reviewing of control measures



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The Safety Association for canada's Upstream Oil and Gas Industry

From Enform to have some info

What courses do I need to become a safety officer in the field? – How do I become a safety officer?

To clarify your questions, is your inquiry regarding the role of a safety practitioner in the oil and gas field, construction safety officer or a provincial OH&S officer that enforces health and safety regulations?


Safety Practitioner in oil and gas field

If interested in becoming a Safety Practitioner in oil and gas, commonly referred to as a Health and Safety Coordinator or Advisor, the Petroleum Human Resources Council of Canada provides an occupational profile that can provide direction. Using this profile and working with your current employer to identify your organizations required experience and education requirements and possible opportunities, will provide you a better understanding where to begin.



Construction Safety Officer

If you are interested in the construction safety officer role, this position in most of Canada is referred to as a person with the National Construction Safety Officer or NCSO designation. This designation and the required training courses are managed by the provincial construction safety associations such as the Alberta Construction Safety Association, British Columbia Construction Safety Network and the Saskatchewan Construction Safety Association. These associations require the applicant to have a minimum of 3 years field experience in the construction industry and successfully complete 13 health and safety related courses. Please contact one of the mentioned Construction Safety Associations for more details as Enform does not provide training for that designation.



Provincial OH&S Officer

The role of a Provincial OH&S Officer in the provinces is managed by the provincial government. These roles require the applicant to have significant experience, education and knowledge of health and safety in the provincial industries. While Enform does provide safety training that maybe required for this role, for example H2S Alive or First Aid, you will have to consult with the regulatory bodies in the province of interest to understand their specific skill set requirements for this role.



Enform's role in Safety training

Enform does provide several training courses geared towards specific industry hazards. These courses can be used to support a greater understanding of hazards and risks in the workplace but most Health and Safety positions require a greater understanding of management systems and a foundation of Health and Safety that is achieved from undergraduate studies from schools that include the University of Alberta, BCIT, Ryerson University and the University of New Brunswick.

The Safety Task Assignment (STA)

The Safety Task Assignment (STA)

Assessing Safety Hazards Prior to Job AssignmentsAuthor: Will Tom Gray

The safety task assignment is a procedure used to make an effective safety audit for a task before it is assigned. It is usually carried out at the beginning of each shift and often at the beginning of each assignment.

The STA is performed as a meeting held by the foreman or lead man to discuss any potential hazards of the assignment and preparations for the worksite. Most often it is accompanied with a checklist form that each participant signs to acknowledge that he has taken part in the procedure and understands the requirements.

Some of the obvious personal protective equipment checklist items are gloves, hardhat, safety glasses, ear protection, steel toes and personal fall protection. Each worksite has it's own permitting requirements but the usual ones are excavation, hot work, welding, confined space entry, concrete pouring, and line opening. There should also be plenty of space for adding additional requirements and instructions. 

Before each STA the supervisor should make a thorough inspection of the work location. He should locate the fire extinguishers, alarm stations, safety showers and egress routes. He should also make note of the noise level, footing, ventilation, weather, overhead work, lighting, debris, chemicals, fall hazards, and any other health and safety factors that may be of concern. And last but not least he should consult with other crews and workers in the area to discover additional or unusual hazards. 

On a construction project the landscape changes on a minute-by-minute basis while each task, craft, and worksite has it's own inherent dangers. A well-conducted STA will bring safety awareness to a new level by making each employee aware of the potential dangers and his own responsibilities. It will foster a heightened positive attitude toward overall safety that greatly benefits the company as well as the employee

Osha 1994 Its difficult to remind everyday if not practicable

Summary of Occupational Safety And Health Act 1994

1. Objectives of Act are:

	for securing the safety, health and welfare of persons at work;
	protect persons at a place of work other than employees;
	promote a suitable environment for persons at work;
	enable previous legislation to be replaced by regulations and approved industry codes of practice operating in combination with the OSH Act 1994

2. Duties of employers and self-employed persons to their employees

	ensure, so far as is practicable, the safety, health and welfare at work of all his employees;
	the provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work to ensure safety and without risks to health;
	make arrangements for safety and absence of risk to health in the use of plant and substances;
	provide information, instructions, training and supervision to ensure safety and health;
	maintenance of place of work and working environment to ensure safety and without risk to health

3. An employer must prepare a written safety policy, keep it updated as and when required, and it to the notice of his       employees

4. Duties of employers and self-employed persons to persons other than their employees:

	conduct his activities, so far as is practicable, that others are not exposed to risks of their safety and health;
	provide information on safety and health to those who may be affected by his activities

5. Duties of designers, manufacturers and suppliers:

	that the plant is designed and constructed to be safe and without risk to health when properly used;
	carry out testing and examination as may be necessary required by design;
	make available adequate information for the user including condition of use regarding its safety and risks to health;
	duty of the person who design and manufacture the plant to carry out any research to minimise risk to safety and health in the use of the plant;
	it is the duty of the person who erects or installs the plant to ensure that nothing in the way in which it is installed makes it unsafe or risk to health when properly used

6. Duties of formulators, manufacturers, importers and suppliers of substances for use at work:

	ensures that the substance is safe and without risks to health when properly used;
	carry out testing and examination to conform to above;
	provide adequate information in connection with the safety and health risk of the substance;
	duty of the person who manufacture or supply to carry out research to eliminate or minimise risk to safety or health on the use of the substance

7. Penalty for non compliance of item 5 and 6 above is RM20k and jail term not exceeding 2 years or both

8. Duties of employees:

	take reasonable care of his own safety and health and others that may be affected by his actions;
	cooperate with his employer to comply by the Act and its regulations;
	wear or use protective equipment provided by the employer;
	comply with instructions instituted by the employer on occupational safety and health

9. Penalty for contravening the provisions is a fine of RM1k and jail term not exceeding 3 months or both

10. Person who intentionally, recklessly or negligently interferes with or misuses anything provided or done in the interest of safety, health and welfare in pursuance of this Act shall be guilty of an offence who can be fined RM20k and jail term not exceeding 2 years or both

11. No employer shall levy on his employee any actions done in pursuance of this Act or its regulations

12. An employee cannot be penalised if he makes a compliant on a matter he considers not safe, becomes a member of a safety and health committee or exercises his functions as a member in the committee

13. The minister has the authority to make regulations requiring medical surveillance for employees in certain industries

14. Notification of accidents, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning and occupational diseases:

an employer must notify the nearest DOSH office of any such incidences or if such incidences are likely to occur;

a registered medical practitioner or medical officer who attended to a patient whom he believes is suffering for a occupational disease listed in the Third schedule of the Factories and Machinery Act 1967 must report to the matter to the DG (Copy From)-  Summarised by:  SKC Cemerlang Technical Sdn Bhd, Malaysia (E-mail: enquiry@skcct.com)  Disclaimer:- The authors do not guarantee the correctness of the information above. Please refer to the original Act or Regulations or Order. Reference: Malaysian OSHA, OS&H Act 1994, Dept. DOSH / JKKP